Australian Consumer Law Tutorial Answers Free Essays

An agent for Scoutmaster told Mrs. Trans that: ; â€Å"We accept the new lease is entirely sensible and beneath the market value†; and The lease is lower than the rental paid by different occupants in the Food Court† Both proclamations were inaccurate. Scoutmaster gave Mrs. We will compose a custom exposition test on Australian Consumer Law Tutorial Answers or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Trans 7 days to consent to the rent reestablishment, yet gave no motivation to giving this restricted time period. Exhort Mrs. Trans with respect to whether Scoutmaster Pity Ltd has penetrated the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (recently alluded to as Trade Practices Act 1974 (Act)) and provided that this is true, her accessible cures. Issue: Were the announcements deluding or misleading in break of the Australian Consumer Law? Law: ; Section 18, Schedule 2 to the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Act) (or then again you can say Section 18 Australian Consumer Law which is the title for Schedule 2) ; Section 4 (â€Å"presumption of misleading†) ; Eveready Australia Pity Ltd v Gillette Australia Pity Ltd OR Taco Company of Status Inc v Taco Bell Pity Ltd (â€Å"objective test†) Application: ; Explain which of the announcements was an assessment and why the law presumes it was deluding (e was there any reason for making the supposition? ; Apply the target test to the subsequent proclamation made by the Scoutmaster agent. Specifically: (what will be the objective market and for what reason would a sensible individual from that target showcase be misdirected or beguiled? Issue: Did Scoutmaster participate in unconscionable direct? ; Section 22 Australian Consumer Law ; Miller v Gunter Ours OR Commercial B ank of Australia v Amid ; Explain why segment 21 and not segment 20 applies ; Explain why Scoutmasters’ direct was in exchange or trade ; Explain what the lead was and why it was unconscionable, regarding the components recorded in area 22 of the Australian Consumer Law. Specifically: o The predominant bartering position of Scoutmaster o Ability to comprehend reports o Undue weight and strategies utilized Issue: Did Scoutmaster make a bogus or misdirecting portrayal? Segment Australian Consumer Law ; Explain why the announcements were bogus with respect to the cost of an assistance, specifically noticing what the important cost is and what the administration is in the inquiry. Issue: What are the cures? Law: Section 236 (harms); Section 232 (directive); Section 243 (different requests) ; Explain the cures that Mrs. Trans would look for as you are exhorting her and not the AC. Specifically: o Explain what a directive would do and why Mrs. Trans would need this cure; o Explain when Mrs. Trans would be qualified for harms and how harms would be determined o Explain when Mrs. Trans boisterous need to shift the agreement and what the variety would be o Explain when Mrs. Trans would need to void the agreement and what the impact of voiding the agreement would be Conclusion: ; Scoutmaster has occupied with deceiving and tricky direct, unconscionable lead and made a bogus or misdirecting portrayal in regard of the cost of a help. The most effective method to refer to Australian Consumer Law Tutorial Answers, Essays

Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Agreement Law - Essay Example Now and again, it happens that an individual falsely speaks to themselves to the next gathering as the proprietor of merchandise of another recognizable individual. The law on the cases identifying with such sort of behaviors metaphorically depict them as instances of â€Å"mistaken identity†. Be that as it may, such a portrayal is frequently deficient and inadmissible. An impressive number of judges are accounted for saying that the United Kingdom law is in a â€Å"sorry condition â€Å"regarding this legitimate viewpoint and that it is just the Parliament or the Lordship House that can cure the situation.3 This paper centers around these contentions by breaking down a case law, lawful issues associated with it, and the lawful issues engaged with the case. Especially, the paper will concentrate on Shogun Finance Ltd v Hudson [2003] UKHL 62 and the lawful issues associated with the circumstance depicted by Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead. The law of agreement depicts a misstep a s a conviction incorrectly made in an agreement that particular realities identifying with all or a few pieces of the agreement are valid while they are most certainly not. Generally, on the off chance that such a mix-up is found to exist in an agreement, at that point that specific agreement is rendered void.4 Lord Denning, on account of Lewis v Avery held that an agreement can be void if the offended party can demonstrate that at the hour of entering the understanding, the individual in question had accepted that the personality of the respondent (the other party) was of basic significance on the grounds that a plain conviction isn't adequate.5 The precedent-based law has distinguished just three types of mix-ups that can emerge from an agreement: the regular misstep, the common error, and the one-sided botch. From this recognizable proof unmistakably the misstep of character doesn't exist. It is essential to bring up that none of the recognized missteps has enough secured mix-up of character. This clarifies why there has been expanding concern with respect to the depiction of the case by law as being unsatisfactory.6 A more critical look of the case law shows that mixed up character cases are very few and don't happen in expanding recurrence like different sorts of missteps. In any case, this doesn't imply that mixed up character is certifiably not a basic lawful perspective in law of agreement. Truly, mixed up character cases are extremely essential as they (simply like different kinds of mix-ups) sum to penetrate of agreement in the event that they happen and hence it is significant that it is tended to for the last time. Additionally, a key goal of law is to accomplish value and equity. Accordingly, neglecting to cure the â€Å"sorry condition† of law covering mixed up character cases will crush the very of law as it might prompt shameful rulings.7 Often, instances of mixed up personality occur in straightforward agreements, that is, contracts sha ped without contribution of any lawful conventions. Association understandings and offer of merchandise contract for the most part take the component of basic agreements. Deals of merchandise are the most inclined and mixed up personality cases regularly emerge from offer of products contract. The rule of nemo dat non quod habet structures the significant interchange in the mixed up character cases. This standard is an essential lawful aphorism that infers â€Å"no one [can] give what one doesn't have† and that â€Å"a individual can just give as great a title as one possesses†

Equine Therapy for Mental Health Benefits and Things to Consider

Equine Therapy for Mental Health Benefits and Things to Consider Stress Management Household Stress Print Using Equine Therapy as Mental Health Treatment What Horses Bring to the Therapeutic Process By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 21, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on March 15, 2019 More in Stress Management Household Stress Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Job Stress Relationship Stress In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Benefits Conditions Equine-Assisted Therapy Considerations View All Back To Top Animals can offer an extraordinary amount of emotional support. Beyond the pet-owner relationship that many of us have lovingly experienced, animals are sometimes used in therapeutic settings to help clients proceed through challenging emotional experiences. Equine-assisted psychotherapy allows for horses to be incorporated into the therapeutic process. With matured horses weighing anywhere in the range of 900 to 2,000 pounds or more, it might feel a bit intimidating to have such a large, majestic creature sitting in your therapy sessions. However, equine-assisted therapy is growing in popularity due to its experiential approach and some burgeoning evidence of its effectiveness. There are a variety of terms used to describe or reference equine-assisted psychotherapy, such as: Equine-assisted mental healthEquine-assisted counselingEquine facilitated psychotherapyEquine-assisted therapy The last term, equine-assisted therapy, can also often refer to other forms of therapy where horses are used, such as with occupational therapy. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell Who Its For Equine-assisted psychotherapy (EAP) can be used with a variety of populations and in a variety of therapeutic settings. In fact, horses can be used in counseling with individuals of all ages, even with families and groups. Equine-assisted psychotherapy is often not the sole form of treatment, but rather a complementary therapeutic service to be used in partnership with more traditional treatment. Offering a much different experience than traditional talk therapy, EAP brings people outdoors and offers an opportunity to use all senses while learning and processing through emotional challenges. Children and Teens Equine facilitated psychotherapy may be just as effective with children and teens as it is with adult clients. As with adults, children can experience challenges such as trauma, anxiety, depression, PTSD, and more. Equine therapy offers them a therapeutic environment that can feel less threatening and more inviting than a traditional talk therapy office. The majority of children participating in EAP are between the ages of 6 to 18 years old. They often find it difficult to open up and process painful emotions and experiences. Equine-assisted psychotherapy allows youth, and people of all ages, to work on issues such as: Emotional awarenessAssertivenessSocial skillsConfidenceTrust in selfTrust in othersEmpathyImpulse controlProblem-solving skillsDeveloping and maintaining relationships Benefits Although a variety of animals can be used in the psychotherapeutic process, horses offer unique traits that have come to make them a top choice for animal-assisted therapies. According to anxiety expert Dr. Robin Zasio, horses bring the following unique elements to the therapy process. Non-Judgmental and Unbiased As much as humans, especially therapists, do our best to offer a safe space for clients to explore deep emotional hurts and painful experiences, it can be uncomfortable for clients to openly share their thoughts. Building therapeutic rapport can take time, working toward building trust and practicing vulnerability in session. Having the horse present may offer a sense of peace, as they only will react to the clients behavior and emotions with no threat of bias or any judgment of their emotional experience. Feedback and Mirroring Horses are keen observers, vigilant and sensitive to movement and emotion. They often mirror a clients behavior or emotions, conveying understanding and connection that allows the client to feel safe. This also allows for clients to maintain a sense of self-awareness, using the horses behavior and interactions for feedback and opportunities to check in and process what is happening in the moment. Managing Vulnerability As clients might find themselves vulnerable when trying to open up about emotional challenges, past experiences, or life transitions, the horse can offer a reference point to use for processing. If something feels too painful to speak of, it can feel a bit easier for clients to process using the horse as an example, or to align their experience with the horses experiences in the moment. Externalizing the content in this way can make things easier to approach and process through. Conditions Equine therapy has some evidence supporting its effectiveness in helping to manage several conditions. Anxiety Anxiety affects more than 17 million Americans. Although a level of anxiety can be felt by many of us at points in our lives, especially around experiences involving change and uncertainty, there are times when people experience anxiety that meets clinical diagnostic criteria. Anxiety-related conditions include: Separation anxietySelective mutismSpecific phobiaSocial phobiaPanic disorderAgoraphobiaGeneralized anxiety disorder Many people who struggle with anxiety find themselves stuck in worry about their past and fearful about their future. As Dr. Zasio points out, working with a horse during the therapeutic process can create an opportunity for clients to ... stay present and focused on the task at hand. Since horses are vigilant and sensitive to behavior and emotions, they can sense danger and respond with a heightened awareness, which typically leads to a change in their behavior and possible attempts to get away. Clients who struggle with anxiety can relate to this developed ability to sense danger cues and respond in a heightened way. Processing challenges through the behavior of the horse can be easier for clients than speaking directly about their own personal experiences with anxiety. Another benefit to using equine-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of anxiety is to help clients practice vulnerability in a safe environment. As clients learn to interact with the horse and try new things, they are being asked to step out of their comfort zone with the help and support of the therapist and the horse. Clients can then process their experience, such as the fears and challenges, as well as any insights, discoveries or victories in those moments during therapy. PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can feel debilitating, marked by increased arousal and reactivity, intrusive memories and nightmares, and avoidance symptoms after a traumatic event. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (AADA), it is estimated that 7.7 million people aged 18 or older struggle with PTSD. Children, teens, and adults can struggle with PTSD. Although people can experience a variety of traumatic events that could influence the development of PTSD, those who have experienced sexual assault, as well as veterans who have experienced combat, are populations who tend to have higher rates of the development of PTSD. The use of equine-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment of PTSD for veterans is growing. Tess Hassett, a riding instructor at the Northern Virginia Therapeutic Riding Program, has a background in clinical psychology and is working with veterans using EAP. Describing her work with veterans, Hassett noted, A lot of them have said that after what theyve been through with their PTSD and depression, they never thought theyd be able to bond with someone again and feel that personal connection. But with their horse, theyre feeling that connection. Theyre able to take that into the rest of their lives and into their relationships. Addiction Treatment It is known that drug and alcohol addiction continues to rise and be problematic in the United States. The Center for Disease Control estimated that over 72,000 people died from a drug overdose in 2017. Many of those were due to the opioid epidemic, with approximately 50,000 deaths occurring as a result of opioid use. The need for effective therapies to help treat addiction is at an all-time high. Equine-assisted psychotherapy offers a unique approach to working with addiction and those with co-occurring conditions. A co-occurring condition, what used to be referred to as a dual diagnosis, describes someone who struggles with addiction in addition to having another mental health condition. This is quite common for those with substance abuse and addiction challenges, as the additional concerns can include a variety of things, such as anxiety, depression, OCD, or PTSD. The ultimate goal of addiction treatment is to help clients live sober, healthy and productive lives. Many times in addiction treatment, clients are also working hard to heal hurts within relationship dynamics, such as within a family or with their partner. Learning to trust, practice vulnerability and communicate effectively can be a challenge during this treatment process. EAP can help clients learn how to develop a sense of trust through their interactions with the horse, gaining a sense of safety, building relationship, encouraging clients to be vulnerable as they learn new things and experience interactions with their horse. ADHD Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is an additional area where equine-assisted psychotherapy can be helpful. Some report EAP is appealing to adults and youth with ADHD because it offers them an active, fun, hands-on experience. During equine-assisted therapy, the client is typically with a trained therapist, an equine specialist, and the horse. There is no riding necessarily involved with equine-assisted psychotherapy. Rather, the focus is on presence, attention, mindfulness, boundaries, social cues, and more. Kay Trotter, PhD, a licensed professional counselor, author, and founder of Equine Partners in Counseling (EPIC) Enterprises, was one of the first to dedicate research to the effectiveness of equine-assisted psychotherapy. Trotter found that introducing horses to the therapeutic process showed significantly increased positive behaviors while reducing negative behaviors. Her study was one of the first published on the effectiveness of EAP, published in the Journal for Creativity in Mental Health. It has been shown that clients can experience a variety of benefit from equine-assisted psychotherapy, such as: Reduced aggressionImproved focusImproved adjustment to routines and guidelinesIncrease in self-esteemIncrease in self-respectFriendships feeling less stressful For clients struggling with ADHD, the sense of accomplishment in an equine-assisted psychotherapy session can be of great benefit. As a licensed clinical social worker, Kit Muellner describes that ... clients feel that theyve achieved something on their own, rather than being told to do something by a parent or teacher. A 1,500-pound animal responds the way you want him to because you were able to focus. So youve accomplished something you wanted to do, versus something that somebody else wanted you to do. This sense of accomplishment can feel significant for anyone, especially someone who struggles with ADHD. In those moments, they are getting instant feedback from their horse and learning how to develop trust, communicate effectively, and how to work toward meeting a personal goal or milestone. Equine Assisted Therapists The Equine Assisted Growth and Learning Association (EAGALA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to setting the standard for professionals working with horses in a therapeutic setting. They offer training and have established a specialized certification process for those wishing to become a recognized, trained equine-assisted therapy professional. In addition to EAGALA, there are other programs dedicated to proper training and maintenance of standards for those working with clients in the field of EAP. To conduct therapy, regardless of whether you are providing equine-assisted therapy or not, you will need to contact your state regulatory board to learn about the educational and clinical requirements needed to become a licensed professional counselor or therapist in your state. Equine-assisted therapy is a particular style and specialization within the field of psychotherapy, with clinicians seeking and earning special training and certification related to the practice of EAP. Things to Consider There are some factors to consider when deciding to explore equine-assisted therapy for yourself or a loved one. Timing Depending on the challenges the client is facing, the timing may or may not be appropriate for EAP. For example, when someone is faced with addiction, they will need proper time to detox and establish compliance with an appropriate treatment program before possibly incorporating equine-assisted therapy services. Fear Although equine-assisted therapy has been shown to be helpful in the treatment of anxiety, a client may fear to be around a large horse and not feel motivated to attend this type of treatment. There may also be a traumatic memory involving animals that would prevent someone from being willing to participate. It is important to speak with a trained mental health provider to determine if you or your loved one are a good fit for equine-assisted therapy. Most programs will have an assessment process to determine if EAP is right for you before beginning any treatment. Cost Because equine-assisted psychotherapy is only more recently growing in popularity and gaining traction as an effective treatment for mental health and substance abuse, keep in mind that this service may not be covered by insurance benefits. The fees for EAP services will vary by location and can range in price. It is recommended that you contact your insurance company and your local equine therapy facility to discuss those details in advance. Using Therapy Dogs to Improve Mental and Physical Health

Seinfelds Impact on American Culture Essay - 2273 Words

Seinfelds Impact on American Culture Jerry Seinfelds television sitcom, Seinfeld, which went off the air in 1999, is still one of the most culturally pertinent shows today. The show dealt with little nuances of American society. A puffy shirt, for example, could be the main subject for an entire show. This show, which was derived from Jerry Seinfelds observational humor, was voted as the Greatest Show of All Time by TV Guide in 2002. According to the shows official website, the ratings for the syndicated version of Seinfeld are ahead of many of the current primetime comedies (Seinfeld 2/5). Seinfeld was always present in my home during its nine-year run on Thursday nights as Must See TV, and the social†¦show more content†¦Of his obsessive nature his mother said: He never wanted just a piece of chocolate cake, it was the whole cake. And he always waited until he got what he wanted (Jerry Seinfeld 1/7). Soon Seinfelds easy-to-relate to humor gave way to regular appearances on The Tonight Show and Late Night with David Letterman. Other more gimmicky comedians failed the test of time, but Seinfelds steadfast style made his popularity bloom. Despite national exposure, Seinfeld still stayed close to his roots, continuing to play at small venues as well as on television. With jokes like: They say Tide cleans bloodstains. I say if youve got a T-shirt with bloodstains, then maybe laundry isnt your biggest problem (Jerry Seinfeld 3/7) its not hard to see why Seinfeld caught on. In 1990, Seinfeld, a sitcom based on Seinfelds humor, debuted as a summer replacement show. Seinfeld allowed characters on the show to embody some of the idiosyncrasies his stand-up comedy had observed. Seinfeld played himself on the show, and the other characters on the sitcom were based on friends and acquaintances in Seinfelds real life. The show was set in a recognizable Manhattan with specific storefronts and locales in the cut scenes and dialogue. The plot of an episode of Seinfeld usually centered on the daily menial tasks of the characters and the little quirks that they observed along the way. Seinfeld, widely

House 124 Is Haunted by a Baby in the Novel, Beloved by...

124 was spiteful. A house haunted by the ghost of Sethe’s dead baby, 124 was filled to the roof with memories; hideous memories of their days in slavery. Sethe, who has been free from slavery for eighteen years now, is still bound by her awful memories of it. Her daughter, Denver, was too bound by the past, but Denver’s past never included slavery. Instead, Denver is enslaved by her fear of the world outside of 124 and the loneliness she encounters while at 124. With the help of her mother’s past and their present, Denver eventually looks past 124 and out towards the world, allowing herself to create her own identity. Denver has grown up alone. When she was younger, 124 was filled with people; Baby Suggs, Howard, Buglar, Sethe, and†¦show more content†¦A part of Denver’s immaturity stems from her loneliness, but Denver also shows her immaturity through her self-perception and relationship with Sethe. Throughout the novel, all of the characters have difficulty defining themselves. This destruction of self is due to the physical, emotional, and spiritual wreckage created by slavery. Although never experiencing slavery first hard, Denver has a difficult time defining herself. She constantly defines herself by her relationships. Denver holds Sethe’s past up on a pedestal, having the idea that Sethe’s memories are more valuable than the present; regardless of the fact that Sethe’s past is full of tragedy. The memories that Sethe recounts while with Paul D, Schoolteacher and Sweet Home, are absent of Denver’s presence and prove to be competing with Denver for Sethe’s attention. Because both Sethe and Denver dwell on Sethe’s past so much, Denver feels that she adds no value to Sethe’s memories and â€Å"hates the stories her mother told that did not concern herself.† Denver even wishes she were a part of Sethe’s past that included slavery, regardless of its brutality. The one story of Sethe’s past that involved Denver, the story of Denver’s birth, was not enough to please Denver in comparison to the rest of Sethe’s memories, which Denver believed to be â€Å"a gleaming [and] powerful world made more so by Denver’s absence from it.† To compete with Sethe’s memories for Sethe’sShow MoreRelatedBeloved : A Reconstruction Of Our Past1705 Words   |  7 PagesKarla Ximena Leyte Professor John Crossley Short Close Reading Paper #2 November 20, 2015 Beloved: A reconstruction of our past Beloved by Toni Morrison is a reconstruction of history told by the African American perspective, a perspective that is often shadowed or absent in literature. Her novel presents a cruel demonstration of the horrors endured by slaves and the emotional and psychological effects it created for the African American community. It unmasks the realities of slavery, in whichRead MoreToni Morrisons Beloved - Symbol and Symbolism of Color Essay977 Words   |  4 Pages The symbolic Use of Color in Belovednbsp;nbsp; In the novel, Beloved, Toni Morrison uses color to show the reactions of some of the main characters. Color represents many things in the book. Freedom is an example because once the slaves were free, they noticed the beautiful colors all over. They see that the world is not just black and white and two different races, there are many beautiful things that were unnoticed. When Baby Suggs was free, she was able to spread happiness and joy to theRead MoreDays Of Future Past By Toni Morrison1614 Words   |  7 Pageslike a scare that would never disappear. This is why Toni Morrison found it important to write a book on this issue.This book named Beloved transforms the history of black slavery into a story as powerful as exodus, and it uses the true life story of Margaret Garner who is portrayed as Sethe to accomplish this. Toni Morrison penned this book at a time when racial discrimination against the black community was at it’s peak. In this novel, Toni Morrison tells a strong story that explores deeply into themesRead MoreToni Morrison s Beloved, And The Cost Of Having Too Much Love For Ones1193 Words   |  5 Pagesknowing or believing that there could ever be enough attention to go around. In the novel Beloved, by Toni Morrison, a theme of the cost of having too much love for ones’ children is portrayed. Sethe, a slave woman within the novel, helps develop this theme through the third person narration of her life. The novel takes place during the Reconstruction era during a time of turmoil for black slaves everywhere. Toni Morrison uses constant shifts in character’s perspectives in order to give the reader insightRead MoreThe Fate Of Twisted Love1604 Words   |  7 Pages Mr. Levy English III 16 November 2016 The Fate of Twisted Love Toni Morrison uses the theme twisted love in Beloved to show symbolism on her past versus her in the present. I. Beloved A. Some believe that she was Sethe dead daughter 1. â€Å" †¦as she sees the actual flesh of Beloved Sethe disappears into the bond with Beloved†¦ Denver sees that something must be done.† (Demetrakopulos 75) 2. â€Å"†¦ Beloved was the reincarnation of the daughter she lost initially fils her with joy andRead MoreEssay on Symbolic Healing in Toni Morrisons Beloved1819 Words   |  8 PagesSymbolic Healing in Beloved  Ã‚     Toni Morrison’s powerful novel Beloved is based on the aftermath of slavery and the horrific burden of slavery’s hidden sins.   Morrison chooses to depict the characters that were brutalized in the life of slavery as strong-willed and capable of overcoming such trauma.   This is made possible through the healing of many significant characters, especially Sethe.   Sethe is relieved of her painful agony of escaping Sweet Home as well as dealing with pregnancy with theRead MoreEssay about The Association of Maternal Bonds and Identity in Beloved1583 Words   |  7 PagesToni Morrison’s novel, Beloved, is a â€Å"haunting stray of a mother’s love that frames a series of irrelated love stories by multiple narrators† (Bell 61). The main character Sethe is a mother who fails to realize her children’s needs. She attempts to protect her children from the community amongst many other dangers such as slavery and love, however ultimately isol ating them. Sethe’s character as well as actions confirms the â€Å"struggle and psychological trauma of slavery† (Napierkowski 35) from whichRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved 1524 Words   |  7 PagesShai-Dae Alford Dr. DuBose ENG 490-02 10 April 2016 Slave Narrative: Beloved Toni Morrison conveys her strong feelings in her novel about slavery depicting the emotional impact slavery has had on individual mainly the centered character Sethe. The protagonist of the novel is unable to fully prosper in life due to resentment and the ability to move on from her past experiences. In Morrison’s story, since 1873 slavery was abolished for ten years in Cincinnati, Ohio. By the author choosing this settingRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s About Slavery2573 Words   |  11 PagesToni Morrison conveys her strong feelings in her novel about slavery depicting the emotional impact slavery has had on individual mainly the centered character Sethe. The protagonist of the novel is unable to fully prosper in life due to resentment and the ability to move on from her past experiences. In Morrison’s story, since 1873 slavery was abolished for ten years in Cincinnati, Ohio. By the author choosing this setting it had a great impact on the reader like myself. â €Å"I didn’t see her, but aRead MoreToni Morrison s Beloved And The Ghosts Of Slavery : Historical Recovery1691 Words   |  7 Pages In the novel Beloved, Toni Morrison develops character Beloved as an allegorical figure to embody slavery’s horrific past and the lasting impact that unresolved past trauma has upon the present. Morrison develops the character Beloved to represent all the unremembered and untold stories of slavery and to further the message that we must maintain a collective memory of slavery in order to pursue a hopeful future. Morrison develops Beloved as a character through her interactions with other characters

Life cycle marketing Free Essays

The family life cycle represents a method via which the market for certain goods and services is segmented according to the stage in the family life that the particular consumer has reached. This marketing method takes into consideration the family configuration beginning with young, single persons with no children all the way up through marriage, child rearing, and retirement stages. The variables involved in each stage of the model include age, marital status, income, employment (career), and the existence of children (Fritzsche, 1981). We will write a custom essay sample on Life cycle marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now One stage in this model is the bachelor stage, which describes persons who no longer live with parents but who have not married or become parents. They usually have a high level of discretionary income despite the fact that their incomes lower than average. Because of the fewer financial burdens (mortgages, children, etc.) and their commitment to recreation, such persons are usually interested in buying clothing, travel, and basic household furniture or equipment. One magazine that could be used as a marketing tool is People, and TLC’s What Not to Wear represents a television program that would be suitable to this group. Both would be effective as they cater to fashion and to the entertainment interests of that group. Another marketing group according to this model is the Full Nest One (Fritzsche, 1981). The Full Nest One stage finds new parents with their youngest child being under the age of six. The parents at this stage have low discretionary incomes because the demands of the children are placed at the highest priority (1981). These persons are therefore likely only to buy necessities, such as cereals, diapers, and children’s clothing. A television show and magazine that are likely marketing tools for this demographic are (respectively) FOX’s Are You Smarter Than a Fifth Grader   and Disney’s Family Fun magazine. Parents are likely to watch or read them with their children. The Full Nest Three stage describes older parents with high school or college age children. These persons have a better financial position, with wives likely to be at work and more discretionary income (Fritzsche, 1981). Such a household is likely to be interested in buying holidays, nice furniture, and sophisticated appliances. A good magazine for marketing to such a demographic is Travel and Leisure, as such persons are likely to have the money and time to take vacations. A good television channel for marketing to them is HGTV, as this features tastefully decorated homes that may give them ideas for buying furniture and appliances. Reference Fritzsche, D. J. (1981). â€Å"An analysis of energy consumption patterns by stage of family life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   cycle.† Journal of Marketing Research, 18, pp.227-32. How to cite Life cycle marketing, Essay examples

Strategy Marketing free essay sample

Since it shown that the growth rate of the sale and revenue in slow slope, so we try to research and plan strategy to help the company, by using the methodology in Strategic Marketing Management to solve. That would be involving GE matrix, Positioning, Growth Strategy. We aim for to find out the business strength level and business attractiveness level, also analyze which position and place is Cafe De Carol right in. On the other hand, figure out the point of difference with other competitors as well as give solve method to increase the attractiveness is more important. Introduction Cafe de Coral Group (0341) is the largest publicly listed Chinese Fast Food restaurant group in the world with over 330 outlets in Asia Pacific region, and over 200 quick service restaurants in North America. Among a total of over 540 outlets, over 120 outlets and 75 outlets are operated under the household name of Cafe de Coral and New Asia Dabao, whereas over 200 outlets are operating under the leading brand of Manchu Wok and 20 outlets operating under the name of Olivers Super Sandwiches. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategy Marketing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Specialty restaurants include Spaghetti House, Bravo le Cafe, Super Super Congee and Noodles, Bistro M and Ah Yee Leng Tong, as well as the well-established institutional catering business under the tradename of Asia Pacific Catering. PEST Analysis Political Import requirements for food are imposed for public health reasons. Certain high risk imported food like milk, milk products, frozen confections, meat and poultry are governed by subsidiary legislation of the Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance.Import of game requires the prior permission of the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department and import of meat and poultry is confined to sources recognized by the Department. All catering service industry is regulated by the ordinance. Cafe De Carol would be facing difficulties when they are launching more branches in the future. Economic Prosperity growth in Hong Kong economy ,the GDP and average income per person increase eventually, lead to increase the demand of catering service, People are more willing to dine out, so that stimulate the catering industry, increase revenue.

Held Captive as a Jewish Prisioner essays

Held Captive as a Jewish Prisioner essays Its cold and wet. I can feel those like me pressing together, shivering to keep warm. Six months today, to be exact, since my last actual meal. Oh how I earn for a full plate of warm food sliding down my throat and resting in my stomach. Instead Ive survived off of hard molded bread and disease infested water. The taste is unbearable and yet I still try to survive. I saw a woman the other day exchanging what we here call, a chance for life, with a German soldier. When the deed was done he tossed her a slice of bread. When she reached for it she was shot, a risk we, as women, must all take. I can here the sound of laughter off in the distance. Probably another soul being degraded and tortured. The woman next to me is ill with pains in the head. Her stomach is bloated and her hair infested with lice like many others. I havent showered in such a long time. I cant wait for it to rain. Tomorrow we are to be inspected. I fear for my life. If the rain comes at least I can cleanse myself. I havent seen my husband or son through the barbed fence and I fear the worst. Stanley will be twelve in a few days. Its frightening to think I may never see him again. Izzy my husband I pray for. He isnt a big man and Im afraid he may not come back to me once this is all over. Every night I crouch beneath the moon light and write. My journey is kept tucked away under a wooden plank. The pages are tattered and worn but they are my hope and sanity. Sometimes I dream about a life without being a Jew, about being a German with a gun in my hand and having the ability to play god. Who gives them the right to choose who survives or not. I wouldnt want to be one. To put a gun to anothers head, Id rather put it to my own. The pure fear of living dwells inside of me. The fear of absolute self-worthlessness overwhelms me, and yet I try to survive. ...

Held Captive as a Jewish Prisioner essays

Held Captive as a Jewish Prisioner essays Its cold and wet. I can feel those like me pressing together, shivering to keep warm. Six months today, to be exact, since my last actual meal. Oh how I earn for a full plate of warm food sliding down my throat and resting in my stomach. Instead Ive survived off of hard molded bread and disease infested water. The taste is unbearable and yet I still try to survive. I saw a woman the other day exchanging what we here call, a chance for life, with a German soldier. When the deed was done he tossed her a slice of bread. When she reached for it she was shot, a risk we, as women, must all take. I can here the sound of laughter off in the distance. Probably another soul being degraded and tortured. The woman next to me is ill with pains in the head. Her stomach is bloated and her hair infested with lice like many others. I havent showered in such a long time. I cant wait for it to rain. Tomorrow we are to be inspected. I fear for my life. If the rain comes at least I can cleanse myself. I havent seen my husband or son through the barbed fence and I fear the worst. Stanley will be twelve in a few days. Its frightening to think I may never see him again. Izzy my husband I pray for. He isnt a big man and Im afraid he may not come back to me once this is all over. Every night I crouch beneath the moon light and write. My journey is kept tucked away under a wooden plank. The pages are tattered and worn but they are my hope and sanity. Sometimes I dream about a life without being a Jew, about being a German with a gun in my hand and having the ability to play god. Who gives them the right to choose who survives or not. I wouldnt want to be one. To put a gun to anothers head, Id rather put it to my own. The pure fear of living dwells inside of me. The fear of absolute self-worthlessness overwhelms me, and yet I try to survive. ...

Held Captive as a Jewish Prisioner essays

Held Captive as a Jewish Prisioner essays Its cold and wet. I can feel those like me pressing together, shivering to keep warm. Six months today, to be exact, since my last actual meal. Oh how I earn for a full plate of warm food sliding down my throat and resting in my stomach. Instead Ive survived off of hard molded bread and disease infested water. The taste is unbearable and yet I still try to survive. I saw a woman the other day exchanging what we here call, a chance for life, with a German soldier. When the deed was done he tossed her a slice of bread. When she reached for it she was shot, a risk we, as women, must all take. I can here the sound of laughter off in the distance. Probably another soul being degraded and tortured. The woman next to me is ill with pains in the head. Her stomach is bloated and her hair infested with lice like many others. I havent showered in such a long time. I cant wait for it to rain. Tomorrow we are to be inspected. I fear for my life. If the rain comes at least I can cleanse myself. I havent seen my husband or son through the barbed fence and I fear the worst. Stanley will be twelve in a few days. Its frightening to think I may never see him again. Izzy my husband I pray for. He isnt a big man and Im afraid he may not come back to me once this is all over. Every night I crouch beneath the moon light and write. My journey is kept tucked away under a wooden plank. The pages are tattered and worn but they are my hope and sanity. Sometimes I dream about a life without being a Jew, about being a German with a gun in my hand and having the ability to play god. Who gives them the right to choose who survives or not. I wouldnt want to be one. To put a gun to anothers head, Id rather put it to my own. The pure fear of living dwells inside of me. The fear of absolute self-worthlessness overwhelms me, and yet I try to survive. ...

The Bengal Region

The Bengal Region Bengal is a region in the northeastern Indian Subcontinent, defined by the river delta of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers. This rich agricultural land has long supported one of the densest human populations on Earth, despite the danger from floods and cyclones. Today, Bengal is divided between the nation of Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal, India. In the larger context of Asian history, Bengal played a key role in ancient trade routes as well as during the Mongol invasion, British-Russian conflicts, and the spread of Islam to Eastern Asia. Even the distinct language, called Bengali or Bangla - which is an eastern Indo-European language and a linguistic cousin of Sanskrit - spread throughout much of the Middle East, with about 205 million native speakers. Early History The derivation of the word Bengal or  Bangla  is unclear, but it appears to be quite ancient. The most convincing theory is that it comes from the name of the Bang  tribe, Dravidic-speakers who settled the river delta sometime around 1000 B.C. As part of the Magadha region, the early Bengal population shared a passion for arts, sciences, and literature and are credited with the invention of chess as well as the theory that the Earth orbits the Sun. During this time, the main religious influence came from Hinduism and ultimately shaped early politics through the fall of the Magadha era, around 322 B.C. Until the Islamic conquest of 1204 - which placed Bengal under control of the Delhi Sultanate - Hindu remained the regions main religion and through trade with Arab Muslims introduced Islam far earlier to their culture, this new Islamic controlled to the spread of Sufism in Bengal, a practice of mystic Islam which still dominates the regions culture to this day. Independence and Colonialism By 1352, though, the city-states in the region managed to unify again as one nation, Bengal, under its ruler Ilyas Shah. Alongside the Mughal  Empire, the newly founded Bengal Empire served as the subcontinents strongest economic, cultural and trade powers - its sea ports meccas of commerce and exchanges of traditions, art, and literature. In the 16th century, European traders began to arrive at Bengals port cities, bringing with them western religion and customs as well as new goods and services. However, by 1800 the British East India Company controlled the most military power in the region and Bengal fell back to colonial control. Around 1757 to 1765, the central government and military leadership in the region fell to BEIC control. Constant rebellion and political unrest shaped the course of the next 200 years, but Bengal remained - for the most part - under foreign rule until India gained independence in 1947, taking with it West Bengal - which was formed along religious lines and left Bangladesh its own country as well. Current Culture and Economy The modern-day geographic region of Bengal - which encompasses West Bengal in India and Bangladesh -   is primarily an agricultural region, producing such staples as rice, legumes, and high-quality tea. It also exports jute. In Bangladesh, manufacturing is becoming increasingly important to the economy, particularly the garment industry, as are remittances sent home by overseas workers. The Bengali people are divided by religion. Around 70 percent are Muslim due to Islam first being introduced in the 12th century by  Sufi  mystics, who took control of much of the region, at least in terms of shaping government policy and national religion; the remaining 30 percent of the population is mostly  Hindu.

Culture Is Media and Media Is Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Culture Is Media and Media Is Culture - Essay Example The dependence on the use of media has greatly increased and to a great extent dictates the behavior and ideas followed in a society, in other words dominates the behavior of the culture. Common people are in regular touch with the media and the entertainment that decide their collection of information, ideas as well as opinion that create the human knowledge reflected by his behavior. ‘Culture is media and media is culture’ seems to be pertinent in today’s cultural status of a community where media influences the formation of the cultural activities of different individuals within a community (Pope, 2002). The present study focuses on this particular statement ‘Culture is media and media is culture’ and discusses its relevance based on theory and examples. Understanding the Media Today: In the present times, the media seems to have become a significant issue as considered within a society. If the television medium is taken into account, it is found t hat be it small children, the youth of the older people, or other individuals, they tend to spend long hours in front of the television set. The new media has the ability to target the mindset of the human beings that might even impact the societal behavior of an individual negatively. For example, the televisions being the most common medium, several murders are viewed as part of news, or other television programs. Such programs tend to influence the minds of the smaller children or the youth to the extent that they might follow these acts disregarding their true cultural values. The computer has been obtained as one of the most influential medium generating knowledge and information for the present society that is completely dependent on information for its production, consumption and the economy as a whole (Straubhaar, Larose & Davenport, 2011, pp.11-15). The modern media has its presence reflected in almost every issue within a community and hence its behavior and culture. The m odern media form a creation of the mass communication that makes it possible through the internet and the large number of interactive media being available, e.g., television, radio, newspapers, hoardings, and so on. The different problems and issues related to the political and economic factors associated with a society and its inhabitants get attended by the mass media in the present times (Aikat, n.d.). The media can actually be found to be present in all aspects of today’s communication and knowledge gain purposes. Human beings tend to depend completely on the sources of media not only to communicate but also to determine their views and opinions that might alter their cultural views as well. The Impact of Media on Culture: Communication has always been the most important activity in spreading one’s views, opinions and beliefs to engage others in similar thoughts. In the present day society, communicating only with few close people may not work if a revolutionary ch ange is desired or changes in cultural aspects are required. The mass media plays its significant role in this regard. The spread of cultural views from a single point of origin to an entire community is referred as the phenomenon of diffusion. The features of culture include almost all habits that any human being follows in their normal lives. For example, the food habits, the dress that an individual wears, his/her beliefs in any particular religion, the language that he/she speaks

A geographer assesses the impact of diamond mining on South Africa Research Paper

A geographer assesses the impact of diamond mining on South Africa - Research Paper Example Mining is South Africa (SA) started in 1880s after the discovery of diamonds on the banks of river Orange. The mining of diamonds and other metals like gold, platinum and cadmium have significantly contributed to making SA the richest nation on the African continent.The impact of diamond mining in SA is a profound phenomenon whose results can be noticed with turn of the eye. The discovery of the first diamond on the banks of river Orange saw the subsequent change of the regions name from Vooruitzigt to New Rush to Kimberly (Ritter 372). This is just an example of how diamond mining had a life changing influences on the lives of everyone in SA. The discovery of diamonds in Kimberly led to a rush or a massive migration of people from other places who came there to mine this new found treasure. According to historical records, in 1873 Kimberly became the largest and most populated town in SA just a few months after the confirmation of diamond deposits in the region. Kimberly is today kn own as a town with one of the largest holes dug by hand held tools, which has contributed to the site being named as a world heritage site by UNESCO (Sharma 132). Kimberly a city in the Northern cape of SA is nowadays better known as the historic town that pioneered the mining revolution in SA, and helped forever shape the fortunes of the country as a leading producer of precious metals and gemstones. Diamond mining, in SA, can be attributed to have had a significant impact on the lives of communities and individuals who got directly or indirectly involved with the mining activities of SA. A notable character or name that is synonymous with mining and especially diamond mining and trade in the world De Beers. The second large diamond to be discovered in Kimberly was discovered on land belonging to the De Beers brothers who later came to dominate diamond mining and trade in SA and all over the world up to this date. This was made possible by the consolidation of the small mining comp anies of time to form the De Beers Consolidated Mines which has a monopoly over diamond trade in the world up to this date (Afolayan 68). Diamond mining caused elevated levels of rural-urban migration especially of black Africans who sought employment in the mines and the great city life experience that Kimberly as the largest town in SA provided. The De Beers encouraged this rural-urban migration because it provided cheap labor that was vital to the profitable running of the mines. The urbanization of this region in SA contributed to a myriad of both negative and positive social cultural factors that were directly or indirectly affected by mining activities. A good example of a vice or social ill that can be construed to be as a direct result of mining and the miners who worked there is prostitution (Marsh 230). Women and girls from every part of SA moved to Kimberly in an effort to cash in on the gold and diamond rush that was taking place. There were other varieties of socio-cult ural ills that are usually spawned by urbanization and they were all present in Kimberly. Mining helped create a phenomenon called the status quo, which saw the establishment of classes within the society. These classes saw black Africans occupying the lowest class in that society, which was the poorest, least educated and most oppressed by the rich and educated class of mainly white people (Pitzl 141). This unequal stature in society is still present today albeit diminished or in represented differently compared to that period. Urbanization meant that people got exposed to the white man’s education which can be said to have significantly contributed SA’

Linear Variable Differential Transformer and Strain Gauge Transducer

Linear Variable Differential Transformer and Strain Gauge Transducer There are many types of transducers displacement measurements, Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT), capacitive transducer, potentiometer transducer, resistive transducer, optical transducer, etc. For our experiments purpose we use the LVDT, since its able to produce high output for relatively small displacement and for strain measurement we use the strain gauge transducer. Linear Variable Differential Transformer(LVDT): The linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) is a type of electrical transformer used for measuring linear displacement. The transformer has three solenoid coils placed end-to-end around a tube. The centre coil is the primary, and the two outer coils are the secondarys. A cylindrical ferromagnetic core, attached to the object whose position is to be measured, slides along the axis of the tube, the figure below shows the construction of the LVDT. When an alternative current is applied into the primary coil, a voltage is induced in each secondary core; those voltages are directly proportional to the mutual inductance induced with the primary. As the core moves, these mutual inductances change, causing the voltages induced in the secondarys to change. The coils are connected in reverse series, so that the output voltage is the difference between the two secondary voltages. When the core is in its central position,the distance between the two secondarys is equal ,hence equal but opposite voltages are induced in these two coils, so the output voltage is zero. When the core is displaced in one direction, the voltage in one coil increases as the other decreases, causing the output voltage0 to increase from zero to a maximum. This voltage is in phase with the primary voltage. When the core moves in the other direction, the output voltage also increases from zero to a maximum, but its phase is opposite to that of the primary. The magnitude of the output voltage is proportional to the distance moved by the core (up to its limit of travel), which is why the device is described as linear. The phase of the voltage indicates the direction of the displacement. Because the sliding core does not touch the inside of the tube, it can move with little friction, making the LVDT a highly reliable device. LVDTs are commonly used for position feedback in servo-mechanisms, and for automated measurement in machine tools, control systems, robots, and many other industrial and mechanical systems. Strain Gauge: Strain gauge transducers are kind of sensors that transduce(convert) strain applied into an electrical signal ( usually voltage) for the purpose of pressure sensors applications, force and torque measurements. It was invented by Edward E. Simmons and Arthur C. Ruge in 1938, the most common type of strain gauge consists of an insulating flexible backing which supports a metallic foil pattern. A strain gauge is simply a resistor, whose value varies with strain in the material to which it is bonded. They can be used in various fields when a readable value needed to be modeled from a force or strain applications. The construction of the strain gauge sensor is as shown in the following figure. As seen in the figure it has a fine resistance wire, sensitive for load weights. Objectives: To obtain a characteristics of the LVDT and Strain gauge sensor. To obtain a mathematical equation for the sensors response. To obtain distance measurement using LVDT and Strain Gauge sensor and convert it to a Human readable form. Objectives: To obtain a characteristics of the LVDT and Strain gauge sensor. To obtain a mathematical equation for the sensors response. To obtain distance measurement using LVDT and Strain Gauge sensor and convert it to a Human readable form Significance of the problem: By doing this experiments, the functions of LVDT can be learnt. The LVDT advantages might be useful for lots of project such as measurement process, silent process, and any process that needs fast output generation. The disadvantages of LVDT also can be observed by doing this experiment, which are important to be learnt. By knowing the disadvantage, students can take these matters into consideration during system designing process. The importance of Strain gauge also can be learnt in this lab topic. In robotic system, force measurement is very important. The voltage used must be relevant depending to the load given. Energy wasting will happen if relation between load and voltage is ignored. Nowadays many companies want to produce something that saves energy and environmental friendly, so strain gauge can help to achieve that objectives. 1.3 Background and Literature Review LVDT Linear variable differential transformer is popularly known as LVDT. The LVDT contains one primary winding, and two secondary windings connected to each other in series opposing manner as shown in the figure below. The body whose displacement is to be measured is connected to the iron core. According to Haresh Khemani in Jan 28, 2010, graduate of Mechanical Engineering from University of Pune, India, LVDT comprises of the differential transformer that provides the AC voltage output proportional to the displacement of the core passing through the windings.. According to him too, LVDT is basically a differential transformer, whose voltage output is linear to the displacement of the object hence it is given the name linear variable differential transformer. Meanwhile, according to Measurement Specialties Incorporation.,a leading global designer and manufacturer of sensors and sensor-based systems, An LVDT, or Linear Variable Differential Transformer, is a transducer that converts a linear displacement or position from a mechanical reference (or zero) into a proportional electrical signal containing phase (for direction) and amplitude information (for distance).. According to this company, the operation does not require electrical contact between the moving part (probe or core rod assembly) and the transformer, but rather relies on electromagnetic coupling; this and the fact that they operate without any built-in electronic circuitry are the primary reasons why LVDTs have been widely used in applications where long life and high reliability under severe environments are a required, such Military/Aerospace applications. LVDT have been used widely in many applications. Companies such as Trans-Tek Inc. had done so many applications on LVDT such as LVDT use in ATM to Sense Dollar Bills by using miniature transducers, such as the Series 230 AC-AC LVDT. The low mass core is ideal for systems with low driving forces or high acceleration and, therefore, will not adversely influence the delicate nature of these applications. One application requiring a miniature LVDT is the multiple bill detector of an automated teller machine, or ATM. This mechanism is capable of detecting single, double and triple bills, as well as folded, taped, overlapping and soiled bills. Combining an AC-AC LVDT with the necessary electrical components will result in a relatively low-cost system with high-end performance. AimRite Holdings Corporation is a pioneer in the field of computer controlled suspension technology for the automotive industry. Targeting mainly sports utility vehicles (SUV) trucks, buses and RV.s, AimRite.s trademark product the COAST system uses the Model 0283-0000 AC-AC LVDT for continuous position feedback. This advanced suspension design offers numerous benefits including: luxury car ride with sports car performance, on-road and off-road application, replacement of sway bars and shock absorbers, simultaneous control of all vehicle dynamics, compatibility with conventional or air springs, reliability and flexibility at a minimal cost, and robust construction. Strain Gauge According to National Instrument, Strain is the amount of deformation of a body due to an applied force. More specifically, it is defined as the fractional change in length, As shown below it can be seen that strain can be positive (tensile) or negative(compressive) depending on the direction of force given. The strain gauge is one of the commonly used strain measurement sensors. It is a resistive elastic unit that changes in resistance is a function of applied strain. Where R is the resistance,  Ã‚ ¥ is the strain, and S is the strain sensitivity factor of the gage material (gage factor in some books). The majority of strain gauges are foil types, available in a wide choice of shapes and sizes to suit a variety of applications. They consist of a pattern of resistive foil which is mounted on a backing material. They operate on the principle that as the foil is subjected to stress, the resistance of the foil changes in a defined way. According to University of Massachusetts Lowell, strain gauge is a sensor used to transfer a mechanical strain to a quantifiable output. The strain gauge has a resistance which changes as a function of mechanical strain. Although the change in resistance can be quantified using an ohm meter, signal conditioning is used to convert the change in resistance to a voltage. The voltage may then be amplified, thus reducing quantization errors. The relationship between the input strain and the output voltage may be determined using the system sensitivity. In practice, strain measurement involves quantities larger than few milistrain, Therefore, to measure the strain; it requires accurate measurement of very small changes in resistance. To measure such small change, strain gauges are always used in a bridge configuration with voltage excitation source just like the Wheatstone bridge shown below From the equation, when R1/R2=R3/R4, output will be zero. Under this condition, bridge is in balance state. Any change of resistance will give value to output voltage. So if R4 is to be change into active strain gauge, any changes in the gauge resistance will unbalance the bridge and produce nonzero output voltage. In 1992, a patent on Strain gauge for medical applications by Bowman, Bruce R. (Eden Prairie, MN) is published. It is a strain gauge for use in certain medical applications, such as sensing the occurrence of an apnea event. The device is also applicable to monitoring mechanical motion associated with other medical conditions. The strain gauge actually measures the change in DC resistance produced by stretching and compression of a number of carbon deposits coupled in series on a longitudinally extendible substrate. This extendibility is produced by suitably die cutting a flexible but inherently inelastic insulative substrate. The easily produced device may be used externally or encapsulated for implantation. Meanwhile in 1987, Strain gauge scale for weighing fish patented by Reder, Lawrence H. It is a portable scale particularly for weighing fish and normally hand held and which includes a strain gauge for sensing the weight of a fish and the strain gauge providing a leg of a Wheatstone Bridge to provide the measuring of the strain placed upon a member to which the fish is attached. The unit includes battery sources for the required power and includes an LED display unit for reading of the weight of the fish. A zero set may be incorporated in the circuitry or a reset to zero reading may be provided. The unit provides a portable, accurate scale for weighing of fish and the unit may also include selective sensing circuitry for reading of other inputs such as temperature of water. 2.0 Methodology: In this experiment we are using the DIGIAC 1750,Digital-multimeter and oscilloscope. LDVT: Its intended to measure the rectified output voltage using a digital multimeter set on the range of 20V DC. The analog multimeter also used to compare the results when using it against a digital multimeter. The procedure for conducting this experiment are as follows: The circuit is connected as in Figure 6 with the digital multi-meter on the 2V DC range to monitor the output of the Full-Wave Rectifier. The power supply is switched ON. AC Amplifier gain is set to 1000. Gain Coarse and Gain Fine control of Amplifier #1 is set to 100 and 0.2 respectively for and adjusted to produce zero output with zero input. The core position is adjusted by rotating the operating screw to the neutral position to give minimum output voltage (voltage from the digital multi-meter). The result is recorded as in Table 1 below Table 1 The core control screw is rotated in steps of 1 turn for 4 turns in the clockwise direction and the result is recorded. Then the control screw is turned in the counter clockwise direction and the result is recorded. The graph of output voltage from the analog meter readings against core position is plotted. Strain Gauge: The circuit is connected as in Figure 7 below. Amplifier#1 coarse gain is set to 100 The power supply is switched on and the offset control of Amplifier#1 is set to produce zero voltage output under no load condition. Figure 10 : electrical connection of strain gauge Ten coins with similar weights(10 cent coins) are placed on the gauge and the gain fine control is adjusted to produce 7.0 voltage output One coin is placed on the load platform and the value is recorded in table 2 Table2 Step #5 is repeated and all values are noted in the table The graph of output voltage against number of coins is plotted. Another set of ten coins (20 cents) are placed on the load platform and the steps from 4 to 7 are repeated. Results and Analysis: Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) : The data shown in the following table shows the reading of both the analog and digital multi-meter for 4 turns in the clockwise and anti-clockwise directions after calibrating the core position into the initial neutral position. The results recorded in the table above then plotted on the graph in figure 11, showing the relationship between the output voltage for every respected trun of the core position. The result transformed from the table into the graph resembles the theoretical graph. The maximum negative and positive turn generate maximum voltage. When the turn is at neutral position, the voltage is almost zero indicate that both secondary coils have slightly same value. The graph is not perfectly a straight line due to external disturbance such as electromagnetic field source came from hand phone and other devices Strain Gauge: For this experiment we used two different types of loads with different weights, one with 10 cent coins and the other using 20 cent coins. The purpose of using those two different loads is to ensure accuracy and precision since the output should be the same as long the threshold values are set to be the same for both types.   The plot graph in figure 12 shows number of loads (10 cent) vs. output voltage is a transformation of the readable data into realistic form, which show linearity between the output voltage and the weight of a load. When no load is applied on the strain gauge, the voltage measured is 0V indicated that there is no resistance on the device. Using 10 cent coin, the graph generated is as expected, a linear graph To test the consistency, we used 20 cent coin and the graph generated is almost same as 10 cent coin experiment. 4.0 Discussion: 4.1 LVDT: The outputs produced are actually small, like can be seen in the data record for Digital multi-meter. So amplifiers are used to amplify the output so that the pattern of the output can be observed more clearly. Then, mathematical expression can be obtained. Let say, 9V is the highest output voltage that can be obtained. By using linear equation y = mx + c y is the output voltage x is the number of turns m is the sensitivity c is the displacement/offset For Expected Output: c = 0 because the values touches y axis at 0V. m= (9-0) / (4-0) = 2..25 V/turn So the mathematical expression is: y = 2.25|x|, since for -ve turn, the output is same for +ve turn. For Experimental Output: c = 0.5 For +ve turn, averagely, m = (9-0.5) / (4-0) = 2.125 V/turn So the mathematical expression is: y = 2.125x + 0.5; for positive turn For -ve turn, averagely, m = -(8-0.5) / (4-0) = -1.875 V/turn So the mathematical expression is: y = -1.875x + 0.5; for negative turn Even though the output generated is increasing as the number of turns increases, but the pattern of output readings are not smooth just like the expected output. It can be seen in figure below that the experimental values are not totally linear because the increasing rate is not consistent. This might happen because of LVDT disadvantage which is sensitive to stray magnet field. So, during the experiment, any electronic devices that produces magnetic field such as cell phone and notebook must be avoided to be close to the LVDT In term of waveform generated, it can be seen as in figure 15 that during the zero turn, the output voltage is in same phase as input, except the amplitude is lower. Meanwhile during positive turns, the output is lagging the input and the voltage amplitude is higher. As for the negative turn, the output is leading the output and the amplitude is higher. Strain Gauge Same like the LVDT experiments, the output produced by strain gauge is small, so it is amplified by the amplifier to make the observation more clearly. As illustrated in figure 16, it can be seen that the value of output increase as the number of load increases. By doing this experiment using two types of load, the consistency of the system can be tested. By using 10 cent and 20 cent coins as load, two data sets obtained. There are some differences in the values of the output of these two data. It suppose to give the same value no matter what type of load is used since the value of offset and maximum output have already been set at the beginning of the experiment. This might happen because of the external force as example, from the hand when putting the load on the platform and also from the pressure of the room that are not consistent. Even a small change in pressure of environment can affect the output because output from the strain gauge is amplified by 100. For the mathematical expression for this experiment can be obtain by using the same method as LVDT. By using linear equation y = mx + c y is the output voltage x is the number of load m is the sensitivity c is the displacement/offset For Expected Output: c = 0 because the values touches y axis at 0V. m= (7-0) / (10-0) = 0.7 V/turn So the mathematical expression is: y = 0.7x For Experimental Output: c = 0 because the values touches y axis at 0V. For 10 cent, averagely, m = (7.25-0) / (10-0) = 0.725 V/turn So the mathematical expression is: y = 0.725x; for 10 cent For -ve turn, averagely, m = (7.13-0.) / (10-0) = 0.713 V/turn So the mathematical expression is: y = 0.713x; for 20 cent

Human Use of Animals

Human Use of Animals: Summary and Critique Charles Hall Ivy Bridge College In his interviews with both The Open University and The Colbert Report, Dr. Peter Singer discusses the unethical human use of animals. Most of his claims are highly controversial and are not taken well by most people. Human Use of Animals: Summary and Critique The use of animals in modern civilization has been a controversial subject for the past few decades.Author and Philosopher Peter Singer has made his standpoint clear on this particular subject. In his interviews with The Open University and Stephen Colbert he explains why he believes in what he does and gives his reasoning behind it. Singer’s idea of what defines a person is, â€Å"a person is someone who is aware of their own existence over time, and who is aware enough to realize that they are the same being who lived previously and who can expect to keep living into the future. (Singer 2008) he goes on to give details of what constitutes perso nhood by stating that infants are not persons because they have not yet become self-aware, but a chimpanzee is a person because it can recognize itself in a mirror. He also states that humans with severe brain damage or someone who is intellectually impaired may have once been a person but is no longer a person. Dr.Singer believes that this is an important argument to the wrongness of killing as he clearly states, â€Å"I do think the idea of a being who can envisage his or her own future is morally significant, because if you compare the wrongness of killing a being who is capable of having some anticipation of the future, some desires for the future, perhaps even some projects to complete in the future, and you kill such a person who wants to go on living, you’re doing something wrong to that person which is something you’re not doing if you kill a being who is fully not a person and who can have no wishes or hopes for the future, and therefore you can’t cut off or thwart or frustrate those wishes for the future. So I think the concept of the person points to something that is relevant in the specific context of the wrongness of killing. † (Singer 2008) I disagree wholeheartedly with nearly all of his statements.He seems to state that in a life threatening situation he would put the interests of a chimpanzee before he would a new-born child, when as far as he knows the human child could grow up to be a great leader or scientist, but just because that child is not yet aware that it is not a person and therefore is not as important as the chimpanzee. Singer states that, â€Å"a person is someone who is capable of suffering and therefore it would be wrong to kill them. † If an infant is not a person and therefore is not capable of suffering, then why do they scream and cry when they are injured? Dr. Singer also states his view on the consumption of meat, saying that â€Å"Someone that eats meat is a speciesist because they do not take into account the feelings of the animal which they are eating. (Singer 2008) Could we not say that every species on this planet is the same way? Wolves do not eat other wolves, though they kill prey animals like deer. Does the wolf think about the deer not living anymore? Of course it does not. The wolf is designed to kill other animals to survive. Human beings may not possess the natural tools for hunting but we evolved to a point where we could make our own tools for that job. One could also argue that human beings are natural omnivores, which means that we evolved to eat plants as well as meat. From the archeological records, humans have been omnivorous as far back as science can tell. As soon as the domestication of food sources began, meat was part of humanity’s diet.Our teeth are designed to eat multiple types of food, and our digestive system has enzymes to break down meat that herbivores do not have. Dr. Singer give his view on why we treat animals different ly than human beings. â€Å"The point about speciesism is that we give less weight to the interests of beings who are not members of our species, simply because they are not members of our species; not looking at their individual characteristics, not looking at their capacities, or what’s good for them, or bad for them. But we just say, ‘well they’re not members of the species Homo sapiens, therefore we can use them for our purposes, for our own ends, we don’t have to treat them as if their ends mattered. Whereas if we have a human being, no matter what the mental level of that human being, that human being’s life is sacred, we must respect the dignity of that human being and so on. That’s speciesism, to just take the species in itself as determinative of moral status. † (Singer 2008) It is only natural to look out for the well-being of other members of our species before we think about the well-being of a member of another species. Wo uld you not save a human that is drowning before you tried to save a cow? In his interview with Stephen Colbert, Dr. Singer discusses the rights that animals should have. He talks about how we â€Å"imprison chimpanzees without trial but we do not do the same to humans without proper cause, in most cases. (Singer 2006) When you look at the fact that a Chimpanzee, even a small one is ten times stronger than a human being why would we just allow them to run free around our cities. Could you imagine going to the mall and having a rowdy group of chimpanzees running around the food court? Also, what if animals, which have no understanding of humanity, much less, politics are given the right to vote. That idea in itself is absurd because there are no other creatures on this planet mentally capable of voting in a civilized way other than humans. In Conclusion I would like to say that while I may not agree with Dr. Singer on his ideas of what constitute personhood, I am an animal lover and I do not wish for any animals to be mistreated.I grew up on a farm where we raised cattle, pigs, and chickens. I grew to care for some of these animals. I was also raised to believe that it was only natural for these animals to become food for my family. Humanity has raised, and cared for animals since ancient times. It is one of the things that defines us as a species. Hunting and gathering is encoded in the DNA of the species Homo sapiens. Why would we stop doing something that has been done for millennia? The ethics of the human use of animals is a question that only came to light in the past 100 or so years. What sparked that idea that animals should have the same rights as an intellectual human being?Our minds and the ability to ask the question why is what makes us persons, not just the fact that we can feel pain. The same question why, is what could inevitably be what destroys us as a civilization before all is said and done. References Singer. (Writer) (2008, January 28). H uman use of animals. Ethics Bites. [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www. open. edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/culture/philosophy/human-use-animals Singer, P. S. (2006). Peter singer [Television series episode]. In Colbert, S. (Executive Producer), the Colbert report. New York, NY: Comedy Central. Retrieved from http://www. colbertnation. com/the-colbert-report-videos/79412/december-11-2006/peter-singer

The Civil Rights Movement And The Movement Of The 1960s

The civil rights movement was a well known movement in which the blacks are entitled to reach Civil Rights and are treated the same in all primary rights for U.S citizenship like possibility of employment, housing, education and right to vote. However, the beginnings of the movement go back to the 19th century, but it raised in the 1950s and 1960s. African American people, with accompany of particular numbers of whites, planned and led the movement at national and local levels. They followed their aims through legitimate means, discussions, petitions, and manipulate demonstrations which were free of violence. The civil rights movement had the most widespread reputation among all social movement of the 20th century in the United States. It had huge impact on the modern women s rights movement and the student movement of the 1960s. The civil rights movement occurred on the American South area considerably. That was where the African American colony was settled and where racial discrimination in education, economic occasion, and political issues was most unconcealed. In the late 19th century, state and local governments made segregation in to the laws, known as Jim Crow laws; they also put restrictions on voting situations that decreased the black population’s authority economically and politically. The movement eventually could influence three areas of favoritism: education, social segregation, and voting rights. In 1954, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka with accordanceShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement And The Movement Of The 1960s1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe civil rights movement was a large and very popular movement that secured African Americans equal access and opened doors for the essential benefits and rights of U.S. citizenship. In spite of the fact that the foundations of the movement go back to the nineteenth century, it crested in the 1960s. 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The sixties were filled with new music, clothes, and an overall change in the way people acted, but most importantly it was a decade filled with civil rights movements. On February 1, 1960, four black freshmen from North Carolina Agriculture and Technical College in Greensboro went to a Woolworth’s lunch counter and sat down politely and asked for service. The waitress refused to serve them and the students remained

The Fundamental Logic behind Intelligent Design - 1150 Words

â€Å"Where did that come from?† Is an innocuous enough question in mundane circumstances, but when applied to something as complex as the human race – and by proxy, to all life – the issue becomes incredibly clouded. The argument that humans and the material universe they inhabit resulted from the conscious and deliberate actions of an outside entity can sound at least passably convincing, even if one is determined to accept biological evolution as an established fact. It is fairly easy to dismiss literal Biblical creationism as irrelevant and/or inappropriate for the discussion of science, but it is harder to object to the formulation of a more sophisticated view that the universe’s form and structure shows signs of having been designed. 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